Do the findings logically connect to support the conclusion being drawn? Are there errors in the author’s reasoning (i.e., logical fallacies) that undermine the logic presented in the manuscript? Logical fallacies will undercut the persuasive power of a manuscript. Logos is, therefore, primarily rooted in the reasoning that holds different elements of the manuscript’s argument together. It is an appeal to rationality, referring to the clarity and logical integrity of the argument. Logos is the rhetorical appeal that focuses on the argument being presented by the author. They help the writer make honey, not gravel. In sum, as my grandmother used to say: ‘You’ll slide farther on honey than gravel.’ Establishing similitude and showing deference helps to establish your ethos as an author. Being rude or unkind in our writing rarely achieves anything except reflecting poorly on the writer. Readers pick up on the respect authors pay to other researchers. (Note how the author also builds ethos via similitude with other scholars by calling the reader’s attention to the fact that other researchers have also called for more research on the author’s suggested extension of Doe’s work). Instead, it shows deference to these researchers by acknowledging the quality of their research and a willingness to build on the foundation provided by their findings. In this sentence, the author does not present Jane Doe and colleagues as weak researchers, nor as developing findings that should be rejected. Echoing the calls of others, we contend that this work should be extended to also consider the role of fellow learners as potential contributors to resident experiences of burnout. suggests that resident burnout is more prevalent among those learners who were shamed by attending physicians. The thoughtful research conducted by Jane Doe et al. The writer can demonstrate deference by using phrases such as in my opinion, or through the use of adjectives (e.g., Smith rigorously studied) or adverbs (e.g., the important work by Jones).
![etos meaning etos meaning](https://slideplayer.com/slide/4783897/15/images/2/Meanings+of+Ethos%2C+Pathos+and+Logos.jpg)
One creates social connection, the other social distance.ĭeference is a way for the author to signal respect for others, and personal humility.
![etos meaning etos meaning](https://images.slideplayer.com/26/8302160/slides/slide_2.jpg)
She creates social distance between herself and the reader, and thus places the burden of resolving the problem more squarely on the shoulders of the reader than herself.īoth phrasings are equally correct, grammatically. In the second sentence, the author separates herself from this community of educators. She makes the burnout problem something she and the reader are both called upon to address. The writer is part of the we who has to support residents. In the first sentence, the author aligns herself with the community of medical educators involved in residency education.
![etos meaning etos meaning](https://www.persuasivelitigator.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/6a01156e439be2970c01676908c33c970b.jpg)
Medical educators owe it to their residents to delve into this area of inquiry to secure their wellbeing over their lifetime of clinical service. While burnout continues to plague residents, medical educators have yet to identify the root causes of this problem.